The Ho Chi Minh City Metro (Vietnamese: D? án ???ng s?t ?ô th? Thành ph? H? Chí Minh) is a planned rapid transit network that will serve Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. The network was first proposed in 2001 as part of a comprehensive public transport network plan including Ho Chi Minh City and neighbouring provinces, with the aim of avoiding the severe traffic congestion problems that have affected other Asian cities (such as Hanoi).
Most of the network is currently in the planning stages, with projects for different lines advancing as funds become available. The network's first line, connecting B?n Thành Market and Su?i Tiên Park in District 9, was originally scheduled for completion in 2014 but later delayed until 2017-18, and then again delayed to 2020. Construction of a second line began in August 2010.. The project has been criticised in local press for its repeated delays.
Video Ho Chi Minh City Metro
Current plan
The latest plan is approved in 8 April 2013, by Decision No. 568/Q?-TTg. According to that plan, Ho Chi Minh city urban railways system includes:
The plan also includes 3 lines of tramway and monorail:
Maps Ho Chi Minh City Metro
Revised plan in 2007
The Ho Chi Minh City Metro project is managed by the city's Management Authority for Urban Railways (MAUR), a government unit working directly under the Chairman of the People's Committee of Ho Chi Minh City. The 2007 plan put forth by this unit calls for no less than six urban rail lines. The city's transport development master plan to 2020 envisages developing three monorail or light rail lines with a total length of 37 kilometres (23 mi) and six underground metro routes with a total length of 107 kilometres (66 mi). B?n Thành Market in District 1, already a major hub for bus traffic, will become a major hub connecting several lines.
Line 1
On April 10, 2007, the city government approved the US$1.1 billion Line 1. It will run for 19.7 km from B?n Thành Market, underground for 2.6 km past the Opera House, Ba Son Shipyard, and then cross the Saigon River on an elevated track, passing through District 2 on the way to Su?i Tiên Park and the terminus in Long Bình in District 9. In all, Line 1 will include 14 stations, with three of these (Ben Thanh, the Opera House and Ba Son) being underground.
Work to build a US$28 million depot in Long Binh for Line 1 began on February 21, 2008. Construction of the elevated section, east of the Saigon River, started in August 2012. The contract for the 3-station underground segment was to follow shortly after. The Japan Bank for International Cooperation will provide US$904.7 million to meet 83% of the cost, and the city government US$186.6 million.
Completion of Line 1 was originally planned for early 2018, but is now planned for 2020. Planners expect the route to serve more than 160,000 passengers daily upon launch, increasing to 635,000 by 2030 and 800,000 by 2040. All stations along the route are expected to accommodate the disabled, with automatic ticket vending machines, telephone booths, restrooms, subway doors and information bulletins accessible to the handicapped and visually impaired.
Line 2
Plans for the US$1.2 billion Line 2 were submitted in November 2008 by MVA Asia Limited and approved by the government in December 2008. This line will include 11 stations stretching between B?n Thành Market and Tham Luong in District 12, following a route through Pham Hong Thai, Cach Mang Thang Tam and Tr??ng Chinh streets. Out of the main section's total length of 11.3 km, 9.6 km will be underground. Major stations will include Tr??ng Chinh (Tay Ninh Bus Station), near Tan Son Nhat Airport, and Hòa H?ng, near Saigon Railway Station. An extension of Line 2 east of B?n Thành Market to Th? Thiêm New was originally proposed by MVA; this extension would bring the line's total length to 19 km.
The project's projected cost will be financed by the German Bank for Reconstruction, the Asian Development Bank and the European Investment Bank. In February 2008, the German government announced EUR 86 million of funding towards the project. Metro line No. 2 was scheduled to start construction in 2013, but due to various difficulties, HCM has asked the Government to delay to 2020. This line is expected to be completed in 2024.
Line 3
The third metro line would span the distance between B?n Thành Market to the east and An Lac in Bình Tân District to the west, passing through Districts 5 and 6--the area known as Cholon, or "Chinatown". Fewer details have emerged about the third line than the others, although the city's People's Committee is reported to have approached the French government for funding and support. A 2006 document suggested a possible extension of Line 3 north of B?n Thành Market to Th? ??c District, although officials have yet to confirm whether this extension will be built.
Line 4
Spanish consulting company Ardanuy Ingenieria won a contract in October 2009 to provide a feasibility study of Line 4 of the six-line project. This line would stretch 16 km from Lang Cha Ca crossroad in Tân Bình District (near Tan Son Nhat Airport) to Van Thanh Park in Bình Th?nh District.
Lines 5-6
On April 4, 2009, Spain's IDOM, Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Consultoría S.A. signed a contract with HCMC Urban Railway to provide a feasibility study for lines 5 (from Th? Thiêm, District 2 to Can Giuoc, District 8 - 20 km) and 6 (Ba Queo, Tân Bình to Phu Lam, District 6 - 6 km). The study was to be completed within 12 months.
In September 2010 Spanish company GEV signed an agreement with HCM City's Management Board of Urban Railway to build the first phase of the Metro 5 route between Sai Gon Bridge and Bay Hien Intersection in Tân Bình District. Work on the route is expected to begin by the end of April 2011.
In September 2013 agreement was reached with the Asian Development Bank, the European Investment Bank, and the Spanish Government to provide Euro850m to finance the construction of line 5 - with any additional provided by the Vietnamese Government. A revised construction start of 2015 was provided.
Other lines
China Shanghai Corporation for Foreign Economic & Technological Cooperation (Sfeco) has carried out a pre-feasibility study for a 12 km Nguyen Oanh-Nguyen Van Linh Metro route, between Gò V?p District and District 4. A 2006 document indicated that a subsidiary line connecting the line to Tan Son Nhat Airport and a southward extension to Nhà Bè District may have been considered.
Initial 2001 plan
According to the original master plan submitted in February 2001, the inner metro system would comprise the following routes, many of which have been adapted or superseded by the more recent 2007 plan. The plan was originally expected to cost US$1.5 billion over 10 years, as part of a US$3.35 billion program to build a rail network serving Ho Chi Minh City and surrounding provinces.
Priority lines
Three lines were considered a priority of the 2001 plan, two of them fully or partly underground and one fully elevated:
- A 7.5-kilometre (4.7 mi) north-south line, partly underground and partly elevated, connecting Tan Son Nhat Airport and B?n Thành Market, via Hòa H?ng in District 10;
- A 7-kilometre (4.3 mi) east-west line, fully underground, connecting B?n Thành Market with Bình Tây Market in Cholon, similar to Line 3 of the 2007 plan;
- An 11-kilometre (6.8 mi) southwest-northeast line, fully elevated, connecting Hòa H?ng in District 10 to Binh Trieu in Th? ??c District, following existing railway lines.
Proposed extensions to these lines included: extending the Tan Son Nhat line north to Quang Trung Software Park, eventually expanding further to the northwest and southwest to create a much longer 47 km line; extending the Bình Tây/Cholon line to form a circular "Inner Belt" Line, which would loop around the airport; and building a doubletrack elevated express line to extend the Hòa H?ng-Binh Trieu line out to Biên Hòa.
Other lines
Other lines to be built according to the 2001 plan included a 27.5-kilometre (17.1 mi) line connecting B?n Thành Market to Th? ??c District, via Districts 2 and 9, similar to (but distinct from) Line 1 of the 2007 plan, and a 16-kilometre (9.9 mi) line from Hòa H?ng in District 10 to Bình Chánh District.
Several more inter-city rail lines were planned, including a Long Binh-Hóc Môn route, a Hóc Môn-Bình Chánh-Ti?n Giang route, a Th? ??c-Long Bình-Long Thành-V?ng Tàu route and a Th? Thiêm-Long Bình-V?ng Tàu route.
Technical specifications
The 2001 plan proposed the following technical parameters:
- Platform length: 125 metres (410 ft)
- Average distance between stations 700-1,300 metres (2,300-4,300 ft)
- Maximum speed: 80 kilometres per hour (50 mph)
- Headway: 4 min. (min. 2 min.)
- Gauge: 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1/2 in) standard gauge
- Vehicle width: 3 metres (9.8 ft)
Fares and ticketing
To encourage high ridership, fares on the Ho Chi Minh City Metro network will be set low, on the order of VND 2,500 (about US$0.16). By comparison, bus fares within the city are generally VND 3,000 (as of 2013, bus fares are at around VND 5,000 to VND 7,000 ). A common farecard, valid on both the metro network and bus network, will be made available as well.
See also
- Transport in Vietnam
- Megaproject
- Hanoi Metro
Footnotes
Notes and references
- References
- Bibliography
- MVA Asia Ltd (October 2006). "Preparing the Ho Chi Minh City Metro Rail System Project: Technical Assistance Reports" (PDF). Asian Development Bank. Retrieved 2010-06-10.
- MVA Asia Ltd (October 2006). "Preparing the Ho Chi Minh City Metro Rail System Project: Consultant's Reports" (PDF). Asian Development Bank. Retrieved 2010-06-10.
External links
- Management Authority for Urban Railways
- An updated map of the future Saigon Metro
- Ho Chi Minh at UrbanRail.net
Source of article : Wikipedia
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